Parsley | A medicinal plant in the Akhdar encyclopedia

Plant name

parsley

Latin name

Parsley sativum Hoffm.

Common names

Parsley, Macedonian, Roman celery, basil

foreign names

Eng. Parsley, Fr. Persil

The group

tent

Habitat and Geographic Distribution

Parsley is believed to have originated in the Mediterranean region, from where its cultivation spread to all parts of the world.

Botanical description

The base forms a sheath: narrow, blade length 7-cm.

The lower leaves have long petioles.

It is a biennial herb, several times its length, with terminal lobes that are toothed, elliptical or ovoid, glossy green, 3-cm, divided 7-cm, rough: 8-cm, 6-mm.

The leaves are reduced towards the top to become trilobed.

The inflorescence is a compound umbel, 12-cm wide, linear, 8-cm wide, nearly equal in size, bracts 25-mm long, rays 5- or absent, linear, bracts 2-mm long.

The petals are green.

1.5-4.5 flowers, with 20 flowers per umbel.

The simple umbel contains brownish-gray 3-1.5 mm, rough: 4-cm wide. The fruit is a double acinus, ovoid, flowering from June to July.

Used part

The fruit, the volatile oil extracted from the fruit, the tender grass (leaves and stem at the beginning of the flowering period), and the dry root.

chemical components

The fruit contains 2-5% volatile oil, the most important components of which are apiole 20%, myristisin alpha- beta-pinene and alpha-beta-pinene 20-43%, beta-phellandrene 4%, and furanocoumarins, including bergapten, psoralen, isopimpinellin, xanthotoxin, and imperatorin.

It also contains 20-22% fixed oil, the most important of which is 60-75% petoselic acid.

The green grass contains a lower amount of volatile oil than the fruit (0.2-3.0%), in addition to other compounds found in the fruit oil.

It contains flavonoids (6.5-9.1%), the most important of which is apiin, and vitamins, especially ascorbic acid (vitamin C).

It also contains significant amounts of iron, calcium, phosphorus, manganese, sulfur, potassium, sodium, iodine, and copper.

The roots contain 5.0-12.0% volatile oil, the main components of which are apiol, myristicin, terpinolene, pinene, limonene, beta-bisabolene, and phthalides, including ligustilide.

They also contain 2.0-3.1% favonoids, the most important of which is apiin.

Furanocoumarin compounds are present, similar to those found in the tender grass.

Parsley contains polyenes (long-chain organic compounds), the most important of which are falcarindiol and falcarinol (fatty alcohols).

Its medicinal properties and uses: In Morocco, parsley is often used to treat high blood pressure, diabetes, and heart and kidney diseases.

Parsley's antioxidant and antibacterial properties make it beneficial in dietary regimens.

The leaves and roots of parsley (contain flavonoids) possess antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties, which are useful in treating urinary tract infections and help eliminate kidney and bladder stones and sand.

The furanocoumarins and phthalides found in the leaves and roots of the plant have a hypotensive effect by relaxing and dilating the blood vessels.

The plant, with its volatile oils (myristicin and apiol), acts as a diuretic and can help reduce high blood pressure.

The oil extracted from parsley fruit helps increase gastric secretions, relieve flatulence and intestinal colic, and inhibits growth.

Some types of bacteria.

Parsley has astringent properties on the smooth tissues of the digestive system, bladder, and uterus; therefore, its seeds or volatile oil are used to treat menstrual problems.

Parsley (leaves, seeds, and roots) is used traditionally due to its numerous benefits; it is an appetite stimulant and expectorant, and its decoction is used as a digestive aid and to stimulate the intestines and bile secretion.

It is also beneficial in reducing the pain of rheumatism, arthritis, and anemia, and it acts as a diuretic.

Eliminating urinary gravel.

Parsley juice is used topically as eye drops to treat eye inflammation, skin spots, pimples, and pustules, and to clear the complexion.

The juice of its fresh leaves is used as an antiseptic for wounds and sores.

Drug interactions and precautions: It should not be used while taking blood pressure-lowering medications, as it may lead to a sharp drop in blood pressure.

It should not be used by people who are allergic to the compound apiol.

It is not prescribed for pregnant women or people with kidney inflammation.

For children.

Nutritional uses: Parsley is a key salad ingredient.

Its tender leaves are highly nutritious, containing vitamins and minerals essential for the body.

Both the fruit and tender leaves of the parsley plant are used in some dishes, giving them their distinctive flavor and aroma.

Parsley leaves are highly effective at eliminating bad breath, especially the odors emanating from eating garlic and onions.

Properties and medical uses

Parsley leaves and roots (containing flavonoids) possess antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties that are beneficial in treating urinary tract infections and help eliminate kidney and bladder stones and gravel.

The furanocoumarins and phthalides found in the leaves and roots of the plant have a hypotensive effect by relaxing and dilating the muscles surrounding blood vessels.

The plant, with its volatile oils (myristicin and apiol), acts as a diuretic and may help reduce hypertension.

The volatile oil extracted from parsley fruits helps increase gastric secretions and relieve gas and intestinal colic, in addition to inhibiting the growth of certain types of bacteria.

Apiol has astringent properties for the smooth muscles of the digestive system, bladder, and uterus; therefore, the seeds or their volatile oil are used to treat menstrual problems.

Parsley (leaves, seeds, and roots) is popularly used due to its numerous benefits.

It stimulates the appetite and acts as an expectorant.

A decoction of parsley is used as a digestive aid, stimulating the intestines and bile secretion.

It is also beneficial in reducing the pain of rheumatism, arthritis, and anemia, and acts as a diuretic, helping to eliminate kidney stones.

Parsley juice is used topically as eye drops to treat eye inflammation, spots, pimples, and blemishes, and to clear the skin.

The juice of its fresh leaves is used as an antiseptic for wounds and sores. [Drug interactions and]

Side effects and precautions

Its use should be avoided when taking blood pressure-lowering medications, as it may cause a sharp drop in blood pressure.

It should not be used by individuals allergic to apiol.

It is not prescribed for pregnant women, individuals with kidney inflammation, or children. Culinary uses: Parsley is a key ingredient in salads.

the environment

The plant thrives primarily in sunny, humid environments.

It tolerates both high and low temperatures throughout its various growth stages, but it produces better vegetative and fruit yields in temperate climates.

Frost and snow have a detrimental effect on vegetative production if they persist for an extended period.

Parsley grows well in most soils, provided they are well-drained and aerated, but it does not tolerate high salinity.

The appropriate soil pH for it is 5.5-6.

Cultivation and productivity: The plant is propagated by seeds year-round in temperate and hot regions.

Planting is done by broadcasting in basins with dimensions of 3X5m after mixing it with soil or sand at a rate of 14.

It can also be planted in rows at a rate of 60 cm between rows and one cm between plants.

Seedlings emerge above the soil surface 16-25 days after sowing, but emergence may be delayed until after 35 days under unfavorable conditions.

(Pimpinella anisum L., Anisum odoratum Raf., Anisum officinale DC., Anisum vulgare Gaertn., Apium anisum (L.) Crantz., Carum anisum (L.) Baill., Pimpinele anisa St.-Lag., Selinum anisum (L.) E.H.L. Krause., Sison anisum (L.) Spreng., Tragium anisum (L.) Link)

Agriculture and productivity

The plant is propagated by seed year-round in temperate and warm regions.

Sowing is done by broadcasting in 3x5m beds after mixing the seeds with soil or sand at a ratio of 1:4.

It can also be sown in rows 60 cm apart, with 1 cm between plants.

Seedlings emerge above the soil surface 16-25 days after sowing, but emergence may be delayed to after 35 days under unfavorable conditions.

Other names for this plant include: Pimpinella anisum L., Anisum odoratum Raf., Anisum officinale DC., Anisum vulgare Gaertn., Apium anisum L.

(Crantz.), Carum anisum L.

(Baill.), Pimpinele anisa St.-Lag., Selinum anisum L. (E. H. L. Krause.), Sison anisum L. (Spreng.), and Tragium anisum L. (Link).

History and Heritage

It means cultivated.

Sativum is the ancient Greek name for the plant, while the species name Petroselinum is the scientific name for the genus.

The Greeks, Romans, and medieval physicians used parsley in food as a spice and medicine to treat fever and cough. The root of the plant was also used as a diuretic and to treat kidney diseases.

Medical note

This information is for educational purposes only and does not constitute medical advice.

Poisonous or potent plants should only be used under the supervision of a qualified physician or pharmacist.

تنبيه صحي

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استشر طبيباً أو صيدلانياً قبل استخدام أي نبات طبي، خاصة أثناء الحمل أو الرضاعة أو عند تناول أدوية مزمنة.

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